TIME Daily: The Kosovo File: Key Players
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The Kosovo File: Who's Who
Bill Clinton, Slobodan Milosevic, The Kosovo Liberation Army, General Wesley Clark, Richard Holbrooke, Javier Solana, Yevgeny Primakov, The U.S. Congress


While President Clinton, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and Defense Secretary William Cohen will be the top U.S. players in determining the course and the outcome of the NATO military action in Kosovo, the strategies and tactics they pursue will be framed in large measure by the activities of others. Those other key players:


Slobodan Milosevic
The Yugoslav president has built his power base on one major pillar since his rise in 1989 as Serbia's president: his drive, sometimes at all cost, for a Greater Serbia. The mission has led his military, either directly or indirectly through surrogates, into murderous campaigns against Croatia, Bosnia and now Kosovo. Milosovic's take-no-hostages approach has earned him the title of "Butcher of the Balkans." His policy of ethnically cleansing areas where his opponents reside -- by removing entire populations -- has led to worldwide outrage. A wily master of bluff and brinksmanship, Milosevic, by his stubbornness this time, has led his nation over the brink and into military conflict with NATO.


NATO
Of NATO's 19 member nations, 11 are contributing forces to Operation Allied Force, including Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States. Member nations not participating are the Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Luxembourg, Poland, Portugal and Turkey.


The Kosovo Liberation Army
Serb brutality, rather than their military prowess, has propelled the guerrillas of the Kosovo Liberation Army to the center of the Balkan stage. When the West sought to bring them into negotiations last fall, U.S. diplomats had trouble even identifying the organization's leaders. Kosovo's ethnic Albanian majority had begun pushing for independence by nonviolent means after President Milosevic revoked the region's autonomy in 1989. Small-scale guerrilla attacks on Serb police in the territory began as early as 1992, but in the spring of 1998 the Kosovo Liberation Army launched a major guerrilla offensive against the Serb authorities. Although Western observers and moderate Kosovar leaders initially discounted the KLA's claims, the Serb response to its campaign -- systematically targeting civilians and creating a massive refugee crisis -- rallied Kosovars to the KLA, and made the guerrilla organization the key to peace.


General Wesley Clark
NATO's supreme commander in Europe is the man in charge of the battle. A distinguished U.S. soldier-scholar-diplomat, and the first in his West Point class in 1966, Clark assumed his present post in 1997 following his assignment as the head of the U.S. Southern Command in Panama. In 1997, he was on the President's short list for chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Clark's service has included extensive diplomatic experience, which should serve him well in the current conflict: He knows the enemy firsthand, having negotiated face to face in the past with Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic.


Richard Holbrooke
If anyone knows Slobodan Milosevic, or can stand up to him, it's the special U.S. envoy to the Balkans. Holbrooke was the man who put together the 1995 Dayton peace accords that ended the shooting in Bosnia and brought a modicum of stability to that war-devastated region. Holbrooke has built a reputation as a tough negotiator with a penchant for arrogance and abrasiveness. His tenacity this time failed to budge Milosevic, but he will be around to pick up the diplomatic pieces once the Kosovo action ends. Holbrooke has been nominated by the President to be the next U.S. ambassador to the United Nations.


Javier Solana
The NATO secretary-general has been big with forceful pronouncements on the importance of getting Slobodan Milosevic and his Serbian forces to back off in Kosovo, and he has also been a backer of NATO military intervention. Now Solana faces the difficult task of keeping NATO's notoriously fractious allies together politically, at least publicly, as the uncertainties of war unfold. Before assuming NATO's political leadership in 1995, Solana served as Spain's foreign minister.


Yevgeny Primakov
If Slobodan Milosevic has any sort of a friend, it is Moscow -- and unlike ailing President Boris Yeltsin, Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov is a wily diplomat and former top spook renowned for his skill in playing Russia's admittedly weak geopolitical hand. Under pressure from the Communist and nationalist majority in his legislature, Primakov has fiercely opposed NATO air strikes. While Russia's desperate need for Western loans will limit any counterstrokes, Moscow has indicated that it will ignore the arms embargo against Yugoslavia in response to air strikes on Kosovo.


The U.S. Congress
Just before the President made his dramatic decision to pursue the military route in Kosovo, the Senate stood poised to adopt a resolution requiring congressional approval for funding the military action. In the end, after leaders met with the President, the Senate approved a terse resolution backing the attacks, believing there was little choice but to support the troops on the eve of combat. However, support in the Congress, as illustrated by the ambivalent position of influential and centrist Arizona senator John McCain, remains tenuous. The President's options will be tested and limited in the weeks ahead by the fragility of his legislative support.


Robin Cook
Cook has been getting considerable airtime as a vocal proponent of NATO's stance on Kosovo. The 52-year old Cook who is also chair of the Labor Party, has been a Member of Parliament since 1974, and was named foreign secretary in 1997.

Photo: Clark: Yves Logghe/AP | Albright: Doug Mills/AP | Solana: Thierry Charlier/AP | Holbrooke: Mikica Petrovic/AP | Primakov: Chris Bacon/AP | McCain: Lou Krasky/AP | Clinton: Ira Schwarz REUTERS





The Kosovo File: Main Page

Analysis
Latest reports on Kosovo from TIME Daily

Photo Essays

Kosovo Media Websites
Coverage, analysis and perspecitives on the Balkans

Official Kosovo Websites
Facts, figures and press releases on the Web pages of all the players, from NATO to the Serbian government

Winning the Peace
A look at the complex obstacles to implementing the peace

A Kosovo Primer
How we got here, and what's at stake

Who's Who
Key players

Breaking News & Background

The Strike at a Glance
From CNN

Ask TIME Daily
We answer your questions about the conflict

Maps
Maps of Kosovo and the conflict

Military Info
A rundown of the military armor assembled

Continuing Coverage
From TIME Magazine

Kosovo Chats
Transcripts of our discussions with the experts

Transcripts
From CNN: Clinton's address to the Serbs and more